Since the soil is open and cultivated between rows, microbes break down organic matter at a more rapid pace. When planning crop rotations, it is important to consider that cultivated row crops-such as corn and soybeans or vegetables-tend to be soil-degrading. In many cases, yield increases follow from the 'rotation effect.' Including forage crops in the rotation will reduce soil erosion and increase soil quality. Moving from simple monoculture to a higher level of diversity begins with crop rotations, which break weed and pest life cycles, provide complementary fertilization to crops in sequence with each other-nitrogen-fixing legume crops preceding grain crops such as corn-and prevent buildup of pest insects and weeds.

Sustainability is increased when animal wastes become inputs to crop production on the same farm.Д§ diversification reduces financial risk by spreading income and costs No-till (tanam benih langsung TABELA) 8 вЂ¦вЂ¦ etc.Д®nterprise diversification reduces financial risk by spreading income and costs (e.g., of pest control and fertilizer) out over several crops or livestock operations. Production systems that reduce or eliminate tillage in a manner consistent with effective weed control foster the four ecosystem processes discussed above.ДЎ. Today, millions of acres are being farmed without any tillage at all (no-till) or in such a way that adequate groundcover remains afterwards (ridge till, zone till, minimum till). Virtually no soil residue is left on the surface, exposing the soil to erosion and impairing the water and mineral cycles.ДЈ Virtually no soil residue is left on the surface, exposing the soil to erosion and impairing the water and mineral cycles. The moldboard plow brings subsoil to the surface and buries the crop residue layer so deep it is unable to decay properly.

Soil is damaged considerably whenever it is ploughed and turned over. AGROEKOLOGI PERTANIAN BERKELANJUTAN Oleh: Prof Dr Ir Soemarno, M.S.

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